What is an application?
You may have heard people talking about using an
application or an
app. But what exactly does that mean? An
app is a type of software that allows you to
perform specific tasks. Applications for desktop or laptop computers are sometimes called
desktop applications, and those for mobile devices are called
mobile apps. When you open an application, it runs inside the
operating system until you close it. Most of the time, you will have more than one application open at the same time, and this is known as
multitasking.
App is a common term for an
application, especially for
simple applications that can be downloaded
inexpensively or even
for free. Many apps are also available for
mobile devices and even some
TVs.
Types of desktop applications
There are countless desktop applications out there, and they fall into many different categories. Some are more
full-featured (like
Microsoft Word), while others may only do
one or two things (like
gadgets). Below are just a few types of applications you might use:
- Word processors: A word processor allows you to
write a letter, design a flyer, and create many other types of
documents. The most well-known word processor is Microsoft Word.
- Personal finance: Personal finance software, such as Quicken,
allows you to keep track of your income and expenses and create a
budget, among other tasks. Most personal finance programs can
automatically download information from your bank so you don't have to
manually type in all of your transactions.
- Web browsers: A web browser is the tool you use to access the Internet. Most computers come with a web browser pre-installed, but you can also download a different one if you prefer. Examples of browsers include Internet Explorer, Firefox, Google Chrome, and Safari.

- Games: There are many different games you can play on your computer. They range from card games such as Solitaire to action games like Halo 2. Many action games require a lot of computing power, so they may not work unless you have a newer computer.
- Media players: If you want to listen to MP3s or watch movies you've downloaded, you'll need to use a media player. Windows Media Player and iTunes are popular media players.
- Gadgets: Sometimes called widgets, these are simple applications you can place on your desktop (or on the Dashboard if you're using a Mac). There are many different types of gadgets, and they include calendars, calculators, maps, and news headlines.
Installing applications
In order to work, an application usually has to be
installed on your computer. Typically, installation is as simple as inserting the
installation disc and following the instructions on the screen. For software
downloaded from the Internet, you can usually
double-click it after it is finished downloading and then follow the instructions on the screen. Many applications include a
readme file (for example,
readme.txt), which includes installation instructions and other information.
Files and applications
Each application on your computer has a group of
file types—or
formats—it is able to open. You generally won't have to figure out which application will open your files. When you
double-click
a file, your computer will automatically use the correct application to
open it, as long as the application is installed on your computer.
If you don't have the correct application installed, you may not be
able to open the file. However, in some cases you can open the file with
a
web application that runs in your browser. For example, if you don't have Microsoft Word, you can open Word documents with
Google Docs. To learn more, you can visit our lesson on
Understanding the Cloud.
If you're not sure what a file's format is, you can look at the extension at the end of the file name (such as .docx, .txt, or .jpg). On some computers, the extension may be hidden, and you may need to look at the icon to determine the file format.
Mobile apps
Desktop and laptop computers aren't the only devices that can run apps. You can also download apps for mobile devices like
smartphones and
tablets, which opens up many new possibilities. Here are a few examples of mobile apps:
- Flipboard: Flipboard allows you to create a personal news feed
by choosing topics, authors, and publications you like. The app will
keep track of what you like and deliver content that interests you. You
can even create your own online magazine for other Flipboard users to read.
- Wolfram|Alpha: Wolfram|Alpha is basically a giant searchable encyclopedia
for any kind of science, language, or math question you might have. You
can access Wolfram|Alpha on the Web or download the app for your mobile
device, and the company makes specific reference apps
for different subjects as well. But the basic Wolfram|Alpha app will
give you access to data on the greatest number of subjects from your
tablet or phone.
- TuneIn Radio: TuneIn Radio allows you to stream talk radio, music, and podcasts
from around the world. It can be downloaded on your computer as well as
to your phone or tablet, so you can listen to whatever interests you
anywhere you have Internet access.
Compared with traditional applications, mobile apps are
relatively inexpensive. Some of them cost as little as
$0.99 and others are
free, although they may require you to make
in-app purchases
to access some functions. If your mobile device has an Internet
connection, you can download apps directly onto it. Otherwise, you can
sometimes download them to your computer and then transfer them over.